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Chen Lai: The Law of Sustainable Operation
——Chen Lai discusses the Chinese philosophy in the 24th Festival and 72nd chapters
Accessor: Chen Lai
Accessor: Xu Lijing (Deputy Editor of Economic Daily)
Source: “Economic Daily”
Time: Western History February 27, 2021
Xu Lijing (Deputy Editor of the Daily Economics):There are two philosophical concepts of “heaven, earth”, “yang, yang”, how to understand the “qi” and “yang” in Chinese traditional philosophy?
Yin Chen: “East” and “Yinyang” can be said to be the most basic paradigms of Chinese philosophical universe view or perhaps cosmic theory. It was born earlier, so this concept should have existed during the Western Zhou Dynasty. The thinking of air, which we call in philosophy “game theory”, is a system that focuses on air. Gas is an important form of modern existence in Chinese philosophy.
Eastern’s physics or natural philosophy have no gas, but it has atomic theory, which is a basic form formed by the Oriental discussion on the structure of the universe.
Chinese philosophy discusses the structure and structure of the universe, and uses basic elements that differ from the oriental areas. It is not the concept of atoms, but the use of “gas”. Like atoms, the most basic and most focused concepts of the philosophical system in a civilization about existence, movement, and the view of the universe.
Foodness comes from the perspective of broad meaning. If it is communicated with various civilizations, it is the concept of root meaning, the most basic, the most basic, and the materialistic. Because the root of philosophy in some civilizations is not material, it can be energy, or perhaps other things. “Easy” is a concept in the root meaning of Chinese philosophical system, and it is also materialistic. At the same time, when it comes to the divergent civilization and divergent load, it is the most basic element that forms the entire universe system. The elements here cannot be fully understood from the perspective of Oriental Science, just like chemical elements, that “中” means the most basic meaning, indicating that it is the most basic element.
In this meaning, we say that “gas” is an original material element.
Some people say, how do you translate the atmosphere into English? When translating, you usually need to add a “life-powered material energy”. Material force, vital force, vital material for博官网ce. Why is the English world translating “emotion”? It should be emphasized that it has vitality. It is not a simple, passive, and lazy material, but a lively and vital thing. Taiwan Nursing NetworkThis translation method focuses on the application of different aspects of the atmosphere. For example, when talking about energy in Chinese medicine, it is often energy-efficient, and energy has vitality.
However, when we talk about natural philosophy, modern existence, and the formation of the universe, we don’t need to touch this vital, and just say that the atmosphere is an element of origin and materiality. In the modern Chinese universe, there has long been a kind of effort to explain the world’s structure from the perspective of materiality. Therefore, the atmosphere is discussed in the modern Chinese universe, and what solves the structure problem of the entire universe. Modern India’s speech, fire, water and wind are also from the perspective of materiality. Including the late ancient Greek period, there was also a similar saying to us, called chaos.
Xu Lijing: Ancient Greeks also had the concept of chaos?
Yin Chen:Yes, in the late period, a hundred years before Sucrates. Therefore, classical civilization uses one or several material elements to illustrate the structure of the universe, and it is widely used in the history of living civilization.
The “things” we usually talk about are specific things, and specific things often have specific forms. Then the “gas” of Chinese philosophy is different from the quality of a specific shape. It is not fixed, while the “gas” with a fixed shape is composed of “gas”. The method of structure is to “gather” or “disperse”. When “gathering”, it becomes an invisible thing, but this invisible thing can still disappear and return to the state of atmosphere. Therefore, air is the most detailed and fluid element of existence in the Chinese universe, and is not fixed and unchanging.
The atomic theory of Oriental Philosophy is also the basis for seeking the structure of things from small elements, but it believes that every thing is composed of a small solid, and this solid cannot flow, and is the smallest last inseparable material particle in the universe. The Chinese predecessors believed that there was no one who could not be friends, everything could be divided into friends and could be divided into infinite friends. The endless friends are divided to the end, which is not “no”. It can be very detailed, but it can still be divided, which is the “one foot of a fist” mentioned by Zhuangzi. In Chinese philosophy, there are no last inseparable material particles. What atomic theory talks about is the last unfamiliar material particles.
Atomic theory is also said to be outside the atom, and there must be empty space. If there is no silence, atoms will have no space for movement and no energy for movement. So it must set a space outside the atom, a virtual space, and there are no atoms in this virtual space. But in Chinese philosophy, there is no air besides the air, and there is no air in this air. It believes that any air is full of air, and air is a kind of existence of air. The air and atmosphere are unified.
How is the concept of atmosphere formed? In “Shi Wen Jiezi”, it is said that atmosphere is clouds, and predecessors believed that clouds are a group of atmospheres. This is said that the atmosphere comes from the opposite breath. Observation of clouds. Of course, it is not just clouds, but smoke, steam, and smoke. We can see the existence of this atmosphere in the natural world by looking directly. By abstracting and ordinaryizing these steps, our predecessors came up with the concept of atmosphere.
Although the concept of atmosphere is derived from abstraction, we can still use the help of direct viewing such as air and clouds to understand some of its characteristics. If we compare gas theory with atomic theory, the most obvious conclusion, my teacher Zhang Dainian said before that, atomic theory actually expresses the incontinuous properties of matter, because there must be empty space outside atoms, and gas theory reflects the continuous properties of matter. Atomic phenomena are not continuous, while gases are continuous.
As a continuous existence, there are many expressions in Chinese philosophy. The most important way is to say that qi has no gaps, it fills everything, it fills all things, it fills all things, fills the universe, there is no breath, no gap or blankness. The continuousness, fullness of the atmosphere, and the continuousness of the time 彩彩彩彩.
This is the basic concept of atmosphere. Let’s look at “Yinyang” again. The concept of yin and yang has appeared in the Western Zhou Dynasty. In the late period, it was a direct natal fusion, which refers to the side of the mountain facing the yang and the side of the back of the yang. The side facing the yang is the yang, and the side facing the yang is the yang. We will talk the same tomorrow.
This is the earliest way to talk about yang with the illumination of the sun and the masking behind it. But in the “Baoying SoftwareZhouyi”, the concept of yin and yang has been abstracted as a philosophical universe. Yinyang is not only the side of the mountain shining by the sun and the back of the non-illumination. Yinyang is the entire world, it is the two basic forces that penetrate the entire world. There are two opposite aspects in everything.Baining Network, there are two in the whole world Baining the InternetThe fundamental forces of opposing relationships, one is called yin and the other is called yang. In general, Yang is more active, Yin is more passive, and Yin has such a relationship. It believes that every thing has yin and yang, and each thing has two opposite aspects. The whole world is also provided by two basic forces of Yin and Yang to the basis of existence and movement. “One Yin and Yang Tao” is based on “Yi Jing·Shi Jing Shang”. This statement appears in the late war, not very early, but the origin of its thinking was very old, and it could have existed in the Western Zhou Dynasty.
What is “one Yin and one Yang Tao”? We Later generations understand that “one yin and one yang” refers to the opposite and interaction between yin and yang. The “one yin and one yang” are both opposite and mutually influence TC:
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